DIN 12807-1975 实验室玻璃仪器.Bingham比重瓶

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforIn-ServiceAnnealingofLight-WaterCooledNuclearReactorVessels
【原文标准名称】:轻水冷却核反应堆容器在运转中逐渐冷却的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME509-2003
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(ASTM)
【起草单位】:E10.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:核技术;退火;指导手册;核能;轻水反应堆;反应堆;船舶
【英文主题词】:fracturetoughness;irradiation;nuclearreactorvessels(light-watercooled);radiationexposure;surveillance(ofnuclearreactorvessels);
【摘要】:1.1Thisguidecoversthegeneralprocedurestobeconsideredforconductinganin-servicethermalannealofalight-watermoderatednuclearreactorvesselanddemonstratingtheeffectivenessoftheprocedure.Thepurposeofthisin-serviceannealing(heattreatment)istoimprovethemechanicalproperties,especiallyfracturetoughness,ofthereactorvesselmaterialspreviouslydegradedbyneutronembrittlement.TheimprovementinmechanicalpropertiesgenerallyisassessedusingCharpyV-notchimpacttestresults,oralternatively,fracturetoughnesstestresultsorinferredtoughnesspropertychangesfromtensile,hardness,indentation,orotherminiaturespecimentesting(1).1.2Thisguideisdesignedtoaccommodatethevariableresponseofreactor-vesselmaterialsinpost-irradiationannealingatvarioustemperaturesanddifferenttimeperiods.Certaininherentlimitingfactorsmustbeconsideredindevelopinganannealingprocedure.Thesefactorsincludesystem-designlimitations;physicalconstraintsresultingfromattachedpiping,supportstructures,andtheprimarysystemshielding;themechanicalandthermalstressesinthecomponentsandthesystemasawhole;and,materialconditionchangesthatmaylimittheannealingtemperature.1.3Thisguideprovidesdirectionfordevelopmentofthevesselannealingprocedureandapost-annealingvesselradiationsurveillanceprogram.Thedevelopmentofasurveillanceprogramtomonitortheeffectsofsubsequentirradiationoftheannealed-vesselbeltlinematerialsshouldbebasedontherequirementsandguidancedescribedinPracticesE185andE2215.Theprimaryfactorstobeconsideredindevelopinganeffectiveannealingprogramincludethedeterminationofthefeasibilityofannealingthespecificreactorvessel;theavailabilityoftherequiredinformationonvesselmechanicalandfracturepropertiespriortoannealing;evaluationoftheparticularvesselmaterials,design,andoperationtodeterminetheannealingtimeandtemperature;and,theproceduretobeusedforverificationofthedegreeofrecoveryandthetrendforreembrittlement.Guidelinesareprovidedtodeterminethepost-annealreferencenil-ductilitytransitiontemperature(RTNDT),theCharpyV-notchuppershelfenergylevel,fracturetoughnessproperties,andthepredictedreembrittlementtrendforthesepropertiesforreactorvesselbeltlinematerials.Thisguideemphasizestheneedtoplanwellaheadinanticipationofannealingifanoptimumamountofpost-annealreembrittlementdataistobeavailableforuseinassessingtheabilityofanuclearreactorvesseltooperateforthedurationofitspresentlicense,orqualifyforalicenseextension,orboth.1.4Thevaluesstatedininch-poundorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasthestandard.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:F69
【国际标准分类号】:27_120_10
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Safetyofmachinery-Safety-relatedpartsofcontrolsystems-Part1:Generalprinciplesfordesign(ISO13849-1:2006);GermanversionENISO13849-1:2006
【原文标准名称】:机械安全.安全相关的控制系统部件.第1部分:一般设计原则
【标准号】:DINENISO13849-1-2007
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2007-07-01
【实施或试行日期】:2007-07-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:类别;控制;控制装置;控制设备;控制系统;定义;设计;电气工程;设备安全;指导手册;危害;界面;机器;职业安全;可编程序的;特性;危险防护;保护设备;人体保护;安全;安全部件;安全设计;安全装置;安全要求;规范(验收);验证;工作场所安全
【英文主题词】:Categories;Control;Controldevices;Controlequipment;Controlsystems;Definition;Definitions;Design;Electricalengineering;Equipmentsafety;Guidebooks;Hazards;Interfaces;Machines;Occupationalsafety;Programmable;Properties;Protectionagainstdanger;Protectiondevices;Protectionofpersons;Safety;Safetycomponents;Safetydesign;Safetydevices;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Specification(approval);Verification;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:ThispartofISO13849providessafetyrequirementsandguidanceontheprinciplesforthedesignandintegrationofsafety-relatedpartsofcontrolsystems(SRP/CS),includingthedesignofsoftware.ForthesepartsofSRP/CS,itspecifiescharacteristicsthatincludetheperformancelevelrequiredforcarryingoutsafetyfunctions.ItappliestoSRP/CS,regardlessofthetypeoftechnologyandenergyused(electrical,hydraulic,pneumatic,mechanical,etc.),forallkindsofmachinery.Itdoesnotspecifythesafetyfunctionsorperformancelevelsthataretobeusedinaparticularcase.ThispartofISO13849providesspecificrequirementsforSRP/CSusingprogrammableelectronicsystem(s).ItdoesnotgivespecificrequirementsforthedesignofproductswhicharepartsofSRP/CS.Nevertheless,theprinciplesgiven,suchascategoriesorperformancelevels,canbeused.iNOTE1ExamplesofproductswhicharepartsofSRP/CS:relays,solenoidvalves,positionswitches,PLCs,motorcontrolunits,two-handcontroldevices,pressuresensitiveequipment.Forthedesignofsuchproducts,itisimportanttorefertothespecificallyapplicableInternationalStandards,e.g.ISO13851,ISO13856-1andISO13856-2.NOTE2Forthedefinitionofrequiredperformancelevel,see3.1.24.NOTE3TherequirementsprovidedinthispartofISO13849forprogrammableelectronicsystemsarecompatiblewiththemethodologyforthedesignanddevelopmentofsafety-relatedelectrical,electronicandprogrammableelectroniccontrolsystemsformachinerygiveninIEC62061.NOTE4Forsafety-relatedembeddedsoftwareforcomponentswithPL^=eseeIEC61508-3:1998,Clause7.NOTE5SeealsoTable1.
【中国标准分类号】:C66
【国际标准分类号】:13_110
【页数】:100P;A4
【正文语种】:德语